Welcome to Mozambique
Mozambique, formally known as the Republic of Mozambique, is a breathtaking gem in southeast Africa where warm hospitality and a rich cultural heritage coexist with breathtaking natural beauty. It is a traveller’s dream with its 2,500 km of Indian Ocean coastline, immaculate beaches, colourful coral reefs, and many wildlife reserves. From Gorongosa National Park’s untamed wonders to Maputo's vibrant, colonial charm, Mozambique offers year-round sunlight, cultural delights, and life-changing experiences.
Did You Know?
Mozambique is home to some of Africa’s best natural harbours and boasts two stunning archipelagos – the Bazaruto and Quirimbas – that offer world-class diving, snorkelling, and marine wildlife experiences.
History and Heritage
Mozambique’s story blends African roots with Arab trade and Portuguese influence.
Early Era:
Bantu-speaking communities built strong kingdoms, while Arab traders arrived in the 8th century, spreading Islam and coastal trade.
Colonial Period:
Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama arrived in 1498, leading to centuries of colonial rule that shaped Mozambique’s culture and architecture.
Modern Times:
After independence in 1975 and peace in 1992, Mozambique rebuilt as a democratic nation focused on growth and unity.
8th Century
Arab traders establish coastal settlements
1498
Vasco da Gama reaches Mozambican coast
1975
Independence from Portugal achieved
1992
Peace agreement ends civil conflict
Geography and Location
Mozambique is in southeastern Africa, along the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. It is about the size of the U.S. states of Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah combined. The country’s long coastline, rivers, and mountains have helped shape its culture, history, and way of life.
Major Cities
- Maputo (Capital)
- Beira
- Nampula
- Quelimane
- Tete
- Nacala
Borders and Neighbours
Mozambique borders six countries, making it a gateway to southern and eastern Africa. It shares borders with Tanzania to the north, South Africa and Eswatini to the south, and Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi to the west and northwest. To the east lies the Mozambique Channel, separating it from Madagascar.
Major Geographic Features
- Zambezi River: Major waterway and valley
- Coastal Plains: Extensive lowlands
- Highlands: Western mountainous regions
- Natural Harbours: Maputo, Beira, Nacala
- Islands: Bazaruto and Quirimbas Archipelagos
Climate and Weather
Warm tropical temperatures prevail in Mozambique year-round. A graph of Mozambique’s monthly temperatures follows.
Culture and People
Mozambique’s culture is a lively blend of African, Arab, Portuguese, and Indian influences — a true coastal crossroads of traditions and modern life.
Languages:
Portuguese is the official language, but locals often speak indigenous tongues like Makhuwa, Sena, or Tsonga at home. Many people, especially in cities, also speak English — making conversations warm and easy for visitors.
Religion and Beliefs:
Mozambique’s spirituality is diverse. Christianity is widespread, Islam thrives along the coast, and traditional African beliefs remain deeply respected, often blending together in daily rituals and festivals.
Everyday Culture:
Stories, dancing, and music are fundamental to Mozambican culture. Every area of Mozambique is filled with excitement, creativity, and solidarity, from Marrabenta tunes to colourful crafts and tasty seafood.
Additional Cultural Highlights
- Dance: Marrabenta, traditional drumming
- Art: Tufo, Mapiko, traditional ceremonies
- Sports: Makonde sculptures, contemporary art
Population Facts
- Population: Around 34 million
- Median Age: 16.5 years
- Urban Population: 39.6%
- Literacy Rate: 63.4%
- Life Expectancy: 63.1 years
Economy and Development
Natural resources, developing industries, and foreign investment are boosting Mozambique's economy.
|
Economic Indicator |
Value |
Trend |
|
GDP (nominal) |
$22–25 bn |
Growing |
|
GDP per capita |
~$600 |
Improving |
|
Main exports |
Coal, LNG/petroleum gas, raw aluminium, gold, precious stones |
Diversifying |
|
Currency |
Mozambican Metical (MZN) |
Stable |
|
Inflation rate |
~3% |
Decreasing |
Places to Explore in Mozambique
Mozambique offers stunning islands, rich history, and vibrant wildlife — here are five must-visit places.
Bazaruto Archipelago
A stunning group of islands off the southern coast, famous for its crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and luxury lodges. It is ideal for snorkelling, diving, and spotting dolphins or dugongs.
Maputo
Mozambique’s lively capital offers a mix of African energy and Portuguese charm. Explore its colonial buildings, seafood markets, lively nightlife, and scenic Maputo Bay promenade.
Gorongosa National Park
A beautifully restored national park where you can see lions, elephants, and hippos. It’s also a hotspot for birdwatchers and nature lovers who enjoy safaris and scenic drives.
Ilha de Moçambique (Island of Mozambique)
Once the colonial capital, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is rich in history, with ancient forts, museums, and charming stone buildings. Its narrow lanes reflect centuries of African, Arab, and Portuguese influence.
Tofo Beach
A relaxed beach town near Inhambane, perfect for surfing and diving with whale sharks and manta rays. It is a favourite among travellers looking for sun, sand, and a friendly coastal atmosphere.